Scientific Publications
2025
Afridi, Saadia; Laporte-Devylder, Lucie; Maalouf, Guy; Kline, Jenna M.; Penny, Samuel G.; Hlebowicz, Kasper; Cawthorne, Dylan; Lundquist, Ulrik Pagh Schultz
Impact of Drone Disturbances on Wildlife: A Review Journal Article
In: Drones, vol. 9, no. 4, 2025, ISSN: 2504-446X.
@article{drones9040311,
title = {Impact of Drone Disturbances on Wildlife: A Review},
author = {Saadia Afridi and Lucie Laporte-Devylder and Guy Maalouf and Jenna M. Kline and Samuel G. Penny and Kasper Hlebowicz and Dylan Cawthorne and Ulrik Pagh Schultz Lundquist},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2504-446X/9/4/311},
doi = {10.3390/drones9040311},
issn = {2504-446X},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Drones},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
abstract = {Drones are becoming increasingly valuable tools in wildlife studies due to their ability to access remote areas and offer high-resolution information with minimal human interference. Their application is, however, causing concern regarding wildlife disturbance. This review synthesizes the existing literature on how animals within terrestrial, aerial, and aquatic environments are impacted by drone disturbance in relation to operational variables, sensory stimulation, species-specific sensitivity, and physiological and behavioral responses. We found that drone altitude, speed, approach distance, and noise levels significantly influence wildlife responses, with some species exhibiting increased vigilance, flight responses, or physiological stress. Environmental context and visual cues are also involved in species detection of drones and disturbance thresholds. Although the short-term response to behavior change has been well documented, long-term consequences of repeated drone exposure remain poorly known. This paper identifies the necessity for continued research into drone–wildlife interactions, with an emphasis on the requirement to minimize disturbance by means of improved flight parameters and technology.},
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Rolland, Edouard; Meier, Kilian; Grøntved, Kasper Andreas Rømer; Laporte-Devylder, Lucie; Maalouf, Guy; Lundquist, Ulrik Pagh Schultz; Christensen, Anders
Drone Swarms for Multi-Perspective Monitoring of Large Mammals in their Natural Habitats: Deployment and Field Trials Book Section
In: Advances in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Computational Social Science, The PAAMS Collection: The PAAMS Collection, Springer, 2025.
@incollection{rolland2025drone,
title = {Drone Swarms for Multi-Perspective Monitoring of Large Mammals in their Natural Habitats: Deployment and Field Trials},
author = {Edouard Rolland and Kilian Meier and Kasper Andreas Rømer Grøntved and Lucie Laporte-Devylder and Guy Maalouf and Ulrik Pagh Schultz Lundquist and Anders Christensen},
url = {https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/289813372/PAAMS25_preprint_mention.pdf},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
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Grøntved, Kasper Andreas Rømer; Jarabo-Peñas, Alejandro; Reid, Sid; Rolland, Edouard George Alain; Watson, Matthew; Richards, Arthur; Bullock, Steve; Christensen, Anders Lyhne
SAREnv: An Open-Source Dataset and Benchmark Tool for Informed Wilderness Search and Rescue Using UAVs Journal Article
In: Drones, vol. 9, no. 9, 2025, ISSN: 2504-446X.
@article{drones9090628,
title = {SAREnv: An Open-Source Dataset and Benchmark Tool for Informed Wilderness Search and Rescue Using UAVs},
author = {Kasper Andreas Rømer Grøntved and Alejandro Jarabo-Peñas and Sid Reid and Edouard George Alain Rolland and Matthew Watson and Arthur Richards and Steve Bullock and Anders Lyhne Christensen},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2504-446X/9/9/628},
doi = {10.3390/drones9090628},
issn = {2504-446X},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Drones},
volume = {9},
number = {9},
abstract = {Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play an increasingly vital role in wilderness search and rescue (SAR) operations by enhancing situational awareness and extending the capabilities of human teams. Yet, a lack of standardized benchmarks has impeded the systematic evaluation of single- and multi-agent path-planning algorithms. This paper introduces an open-source dataset and evaluation framework to address this gap. The framework comprises 60 geospatial scenarios across four distinct European environments, featuring high-resolution probability maps. We present a lost person probabilistic model derived from statistical models of lost person behavior. We provide a suite of tools for evaluating search paths against four baseline methods: Concentric Circles, Pizza Zigzag, Greedy, and Random Exploration, using three quantitative metrics: Accumulated probability of detection, time-discounted probability of detection, and lost person discovery score. We provide an evaluation framework to facilitate the comparative analysis of single- and multi-agent path-planning algorithms, supporting both the baseline methods presented and custom user-defined path generators. By providing a structured and extensible framework, this work establishes a foundation for the rigorous and reproducible assessment of UAV search strategies in complex wilderness environments.},
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Kline, Jenna; Afridi, Saadia; Rolland, Edouard G. A.; Maalouf, Guy; Laporte-Devylder, Lucie; Stewart, Christopher; Crofoot, Margaret; Stewart, Charles V.; Rubenstein, Daniel I.; Berger-Wolf, Tanya
Studying collective animal behaviour with drones and computer vision Journal Article
In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 00, no. 0, pp. 1–31, 2025.
@article{kline2025studying,
title = {Studying collective animal behaviour with drones and computer vision},
author = {Jenna Kline and Saadia Afridi and Edouard G. A. Rolland and Guy Maalouf and Lucie Laporte-Devylder and Christopher Stewart and Margaret Crofoot and Charles V. Stewart and Daniel I. Rubenstein and Tanya Berger-Wolf},
url = {https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/2041-210X.70128},
doi = {10.1111/2041-210X.70128},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Methods in Ecology and Evolution},
volume = {00},
number = {0},
pages = {1–31},
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Maalouf, Guy; Meier, Kilian; Richardson, Tom; Guerin, David; Watson, Matt; Lundquist, Ulrik Pagh Schultz; Afridi, Saadia; Rolland, Edouard G. A.; Jepsen, Jes Hundevadt; Njoroge, William; Jensen, Kjeld
Insights Into Safe and Scalable BVLOS UAS Operations from Kenya's OI Pejeta Conservancy Proceedings Article
In: 2025 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), pp. 905-912, 2025.
@inproceedings{11007907,
title = {Insights Into Safe and Scalable BVLOS UAS Operations from Kenya's OI Pejeta Conservancy},
author = {Guy Maalouf and Kilian Meier and Tom Richardson and David Guerin and Matt Watson and Ulrik Pagh Schultz Lundquist and Saadia Afridi and Edouard G. A. Rolland and Jes Hundevadt Jepsen and William Njoroge and Kjeld Jensen},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11007907},
doi = {10.1109/ICUAS65942.2025.11007907},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2025-01-01},
booktitle = {2025 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)},
pages = {905-912},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Kline, Jenna; Stevens, Samuel; Maalouf, Guy; Saint-Jean, Camille Rondeau; Ngoc, Dat Nguyen; Mirmehdi, Majid; Guerin, David; Burghardt, Tilo; Pastucha, Elzbieta; Costelloe, Blair R; others,
MMLA: Multi-Environment, Multi-Species, Low-Altitude Drone Dataset Proceedings Article
In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR): Workshop Computer Vision for Animal Behavior Tracking and Modeling (CV4Animals), 2025.
@inproceedings{kline2025mmla,
title = {MMLA: Multi-Environment, Multi-Species, Low-Altitude Drone Dataset},
author = {Jenna Kline and Samuel Stevens and Guy Maalouf and Camille Rondeau Saint-Jean and Dat Nguyen Ngoc and Majid Mirmehdi and David Guerin and Tilo Burghardt and Elzbieta Pastucha and Blair R Costelloe and others},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.07744},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2025-01-01},
booktitle = {Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR): Workshop Computer Vision for Animal Behavior Tracking and Modeling (CV4Animals)},
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pubstate = {published},
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Dat, Nguyen Ngoc; Richardson, Tom; Watson, Matthew; Meier, Kilian; Kline, Jenna; Reid, Sid; Maalouf, Guy; Hine, Duncan; Mirmehdi, Majid; Burghardt, Tilo
WildLive: Near Real-time Visual Wildlife Tracking onboard UAVs Journal Article
In: arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.10165, 2025.
@article{dat2025wildlive,
title = {WildLive: Near Real-time Visual Wildlife Tracking onboard UAVs},
author = {Nguyen Ngoc Dat and Tom Richardson and Matthew Watson and Kilian Meier and Jenna Kline and Sid Reid and Guy Maalouf and Duncan Hine and Majid Mirmehdi and Tilo Burghardt},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.10165},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2025-01-01},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.10165},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2024
Meier, Kilian; Richards, Arthur; Watson, Matthew; Johnson, Caspian; Hine, Duncan; Richardson, Tom; Maalouf, Guy
WildBridge: Conservation Software for Animal Localisation using Commercial Drones Proceedings Article
In: Richardson, T. (Ed.): 15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition, pp. 324–333, Bristol, United Kingdom, 2024, (Paper no. IMAV2024-39).
@inproceedings{imav2024-39:k_meier_et_al,
title = {WildBridge: Conservation Software for Animal Localisation using Commercial Drones},
author = {Kilian Meier and Arthur Richards and Matthew Watson and Caspian Johnson and Duncan Hine and Tom Richardson and Guy Maalouf},
editor = {T. Richardson},
url = {http://www.imavs.org/papers/2024/39.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-16},
urldate = {2024-09-16},
booktitle = {15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition},
pages = {324–333},
address = {Bristol, United Kingdom},
note = {Paper no. IMAV2024-39},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Rolland, Edouard; Grøntved, Kasper; Laporte-Devylder, Lucie; Kline, Jenna; Lundquist, Ulrik; Christensen, Anders
Drone Swarms for Animal Monitoring: A Method for Collecting High-Quality Multi-Perspective Data Proceedings Article
In: Richardson, T. (Ed.): 15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition, pp. 316–323, Bristol, United Kingdom, 2024, (Paper no. IMAV2024-38).
@inproceedings{imav2024-38:e_rolland_et_al,
title = {Drone Swarms for Animal Monitoring: A Method for Collecting High-Quality Multi-Perspective Data},
author = {Edouard Rolland and Kasper Grøntved and Lucie Laporte-Devylder and Jenna Kline and Ulrik Lundquist and Anders Christensen},
editor = {T. Richardson},
url = {http://www.imavs.org/papers/2024/38.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-16},
urldate = {2024-09-16},
booktitle = {15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition},
pages = {316–323},
address = {Bristol, United Kingdom},
note = {Paper no. IMAV2024-38},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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Shukla, Vandita; Morelli, Luca; Trybala, Pawel; Remondino, Fabio; Gan, Wentian; Yu, Yifei; Wang, Xin
Exploring the potential of UAV collaborative 3D mapping in Kenyan savanna for wildlife research Proceedings Article
In: Richardson, T. (Ed.): 15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition, pp. 301–308, Bristol, United Kingdom, 2024, (Paper no. IMAV2024-36).
@inproceedings{imav2024-36:v_shukla_et_al,
title = {Exploring the potential of UAV collaborative 3D mapping in Kenyan savanna for wildlife research},
author = {Vandita Shukla and Luca Morelli and Pawel Trybala and Fabio Remondino and Wentian Gan and Yifei Yu and Xin Wang},
editor = {T. Richardson},
url = {http://www.imavs.org/papers/2024/36.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-16},
urldate = {2024-09-16},
booktitle = {15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition},
pages = {301–308},
address = {Bristol, United Kingdom},
note = {Paper no. IMAV2024-36},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Høffer, Mads Fogh; Herlev, Victor Dahl; Maalouf, Guy; Jepsen, Jes; Winkler, Erik; Panov, Ivan; Jensen, Kjeld
Extended Reception Coverage and Spoofing Localization of Direct Remote ID utilizing Ad-Hoc Mesh Networking Proceedings Article
In: Richardson, T. (Ed.): 15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition, pp. 228–235, Bristol, United Kingdom, 2024, (Paper no. IMAV2024-27).
@inproceedings{imav2024-27:m_haffer_et_al,
title = {Extended Reception Coverage and Spoofing Localization of Direct Remote ID utilizing Ad-Hoc Mesh Networking},
author = {Mads Fogh Høffer and Victor Dahl Herlev and Guy Maalouf and Jes Jepsen and Erik Winkler and Ivan Panov and Kjeld Jensen},
editor = {T. Richardson},
url = {http://www.imavs.org/papers/2024/27.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-16},
urldate = {2024-09-16},
booktitle = {15th annual International Micro Air Vehicle Conference and Competition},
pages = {228–235},
address = {Bristol, United Kingdom},
note = {Paper no. IMAV2024-27},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Rolland, E. G. A.; Watson, M.; Richardson, T.; Schellenberg, B.; Purvis, M.; Freer, J.; Clarke, R.; Ferraro, M.; Erbil, M.; Grøntved, K. A. R.; Christensen, A. L.
volcanic-plumes Miscellaneous
Distributed by Hugging Face, 2024, (https://huggingface.co/datasets/edouard-rolland/volcanic-plumes).
@misc{edouard_rolland_2024,
title = {volcanic-plumes},
author = {E. G. A. Rolland and M. Watson and T. Richardson and B. Schellenberg and M. Purvis and J. Freer and R. Clarke and M. Ferraro and M. Erbil and K. A. R. Grøntved and A. L. Christensen},
url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/edouard-rolland/volcanic-plumes},
doi = {10.57967/hf/1728},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
howpublished = {Distributed by Hugging Face},
note = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/edouard-rolland/volcanic-plumes},
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Shukla, Vandita; Morelli, Luca; Remondino, Fabio; Micheli, Andrea; Tuia, Devis; Risse, Benjamin
Towards Estimation of 3D Poses and Shapes of Animals from Oblique Drone Imagery Journal Article
In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, vol. 48, pp. 379–386, 2024.
@article{shukla2024towards,
title = {Towards Estimation of 3D Poses and Shapes of Animals from Oblique Drone Imagery},
author = {Vandita Shukla and Luca Morelli and Fabio Remondino and Andrea Micheli and Devis Tuia and Benjamin Risse},
url = {https://isprs-archives.copernicus.org/articles/XLVIII-2-2024/379/2024/isprs-archives-XLVIII-2-2024-379-2024.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
journal = {The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences},
volume = {48},
pages = {379–386},
publisher = {Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany},
keywords = {},
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Afridi, Saadia; Hlebowicz, Kasper; Cawthorne, Dylan; Lundquist, Ulrik Pagh Schultz
Unveiling the Impact of Drone Noise on Wildlife: A Crucial Research Imperative Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) 2024, 2024.
@inproceedings{afridi2024unveiling,
title = {Unveiling the Impact of Drone Noise on Wildlife: A Crucial Research Imperative},
author = {Saadia Afridi and Kasper Hlebowicz and Dylan Cawthorne and Ulrik Pagh Schultz Lundquist},
url = {https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/266151156/Unveiling_the_Impact_of_Drone_Noise_on_Wildlife_A_Crucial_Research_Imperative.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) 2024},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Rolland, Edouard GA; Grøntved, Kasper AR; Christensen, Anders Lyhne; Watson, Matthew; Richardson, Tom
Autonomous UAV volcanic plume sampling based on machine vision and path planning Proceedings Article
In: 2024 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), pp. 1064–1071, IEEE 2024.
@inproceedings{rolland2024autonomous,
title = {Autonomous UAV volcanic plume sampling based on machine vision and path planning},
author = {Edouard GA Rolland and Kasper AR Grøntved and Anders Lyhne Christensen and Matthew Watson and Tom Richardson},
url = {https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/268877297/ICUAS_Preprint.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {2024 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)},
pages = {1064–1071},
organization = {IEEE},
abstract = {Drones currently serve as a valuable tool for in-situ sampling of volcanic plumes, but they still involve manual piloting. In this paper, we enable autonomous dual plume sampling by using a machine vision model to detect eruptions. When an eruption is detected, a sampling trajectory is automatically enerated to intercept the plume twice to collect comparative samples. The machine vision model is developed by training a YOLOv8 object detection model thanks to a database of 1505 images that feature labelled plumes. The obtained average precision value of the model’s plume class, at 90.7%, is comparable to that of state-of-the-art models for wildfire smoke monitoring. The performance of this method is assessed using a software-in-the-loop simulation of the drone and a simulated plume model. Although the results confirm the efficacy of using a machine vision model for triggering an onboard path-planning algorithm, it also suggests the potential for a hybrid strategy that integrates visual servoing with our proposed path-planning approach. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Maalouf, Guy; Jepsen, Jes Hundevadt; Jensen, Kjeld
Airspace Situational Awareness: Proposed Airspace Safety Concepts & State-of-the-Art Review of UAS Aircraft Detection Technologies Proceedings Article
In: 2024 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), pp. 1393–1400, IEEE 2024.
@inproceedings{maalouf2024airspace,
title = {Airspace Situational Awareness: Proposed Airspace Safety Concepts & State-of-the-Art Review of UAS Aircraft Detection Technologies},
author = {Guy Maalouf and Jes Hundevadt Jepsen and Kjeld Jensen},
url = {https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/files/266012358/Airspace_Situational_Awareness_Proposed_Airspace_Safety_Concepts_State-of-the-art_Review_of_UAS_Aircraft_Detection_Technologies.pdf)},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {2024 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)},
pages = {1393–1400},
organization = {IEEE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
May, Giacomo; Dalsasso, Emanuele; Kellenberger, Benjamin; Tuia, Devis
POLO – Point-based, multi-class animal detection Proceedings Article
In: ECCV 2024 – 18th European Conference on Computer Vision, Springer, 2024.
@inproceedings{may2024polopointbasedmulticlass,
title = {POLO – Point-based, multi-class animal detection},
author = {Giacomo May and Emanuele Dalsasso and Benjamin Kellenberger and Devis Tuia},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.11741},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {ECCV 2024 - 18th European Conference on Computer Vision},
publisher = {Springer},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Rolland, Edouard; Laporte-Devylder, Lucie; Christensen, Anders
Advancing wildlife monitoring in gregarious species with drone swarms Proceedings Article
In: Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, 21st International Conference, Springer 2024.
@inproceedings{rolland2024advancing,
title = {Advancing wildlife monitoring in gregarious species with drone swarms},
author = {Edouard Rolland and Lucie Laporte-Devylder and Anders Christensen},
url = {https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/268667227/DCAI_2024.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
booktitle = {Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, 21st International Conference},
organization = {Springer},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
2023
Haalck, Lars; Mangan, Michael; Wystrach, Antoine; Clement, Leo; Webb, Barbara; Risse, Benjamin
CATER: Combined Animal Tracking and Environment Reconstruction Journal Article
In: Science Advances, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. eadg2094, 2023.
@article{<LineBreak>doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg2094,
title = {CATER: Combined Animal Tracking and Environment Reconstruction},
author = {Lars Haalck and Michael Mangan and Antoine Wystrach and Leo Clement and Barbara Webb and Benjamin Risse},
url = {https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/sciadv.adg2094},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adg2094},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
urldate = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Science Advances},
volume = {9},
number = {16},
pages = {eadg2094},
abstract = {Quantifying the behavior of small animals traversing long distances in complex environments is one of the most difficult tracking scenarios for computer vision. Tiny and low-contrast foreground objects have to be localized in cluttered and dynamic scenes as well as trajectories compensated for camera motion and drift in multiple lengthy recordings. We introduce CATER, a novel methodology combining an unsupervised probabilistic detection mechanism with a globally optimized environment reconstruction pipeline enabling precision behavioral quantification in natural environments. Implemented as an easy to use and highly parallelized tool, we show its application to recover fine-scale motion trajectories, registered to a high-resolution image mosaic reconstruction, of naturally foraging desert ants from unconstrained field recordings. By bridging the gap between laboratory and field experiments, we gain previously unknown insights into ant navigation with respect to motivational states, previous experience, and current environments and provide an appearance-agnostic method applicable to study the behavior of a wide range of terrestrial species under realistic conditions. A tool is developed to obtain high precision quantification of animal behavior filmed in the wild with a freely moving camera.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
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WildDrone is an MSCA Doctoral Network funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation funding programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101071224. Views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the EU nor the EC can be held responsible for them.